专题地图数据库快速成图系统的研究     

谢岩  张平  金成范  刘聪坦 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(11)

针对吉林省专题地图的发展现状,详细地阐述了专题地图数据库快速出图系统的软件硬件配置、需求规定、运行模式、总体架构、地图缩编流程,以及数据库管理系统的功能设计,实现了不同区域、不同比例尺、不同内容的地图的快速整合和专题地图的快速生成。  相似文献   

Assessing quality of volunteer crowdsourcing contributions: lessons from the Cropland Capture game   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Carl F. Salk  Tobias Sturn  Linda See  Steffen Fritz  Christoph Perger 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2016,9(4):410-426

Volunteered geographic information (VGI) is the assembly of spatial information based on public input. While VGI has proliferated in recent years, assessing the quality of volunteer-contributed data has proven challenging, leading some to question the efficiency of such programs. In this paper, we compare several quality metrics for individual volunteers’ contributions. The data were the product of the ‘Cropland Capture’ game, in which several thousand volunteers assessed 165,000 images for the presence of cropland over the course of 6 months. We compared agreement between volunteer ratings and an image's majority classification with volunteer self-agreement on repeated images and expert evaluations. We also examined the impact of experience and learning on performance. Volunteer self-agreement was nearly always higher than agreement with majority classifications, and much greater than agreement with expert validations although these metrics were all positively correlated. Volunteer quality showed a broad trend toward improvement with experience, but the highest accuracies were achieved by a handful of moderately active contributors, not the most active volunteers. Our results emphasize the importance of a universal set of expert-validated tasks as a gold standard for evaluating VGI quality.  相似文献   

On predicting and improving the quality of Volunteer Geographic Information projects   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gloria Bordogna  Paola Carrara  Monica Pepe  Anna Rampini 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2016,9(2):134-155

Initiatives that rely upon the contributions of volunteers to reach a specific goal are growing more and more with the success of Web 2.0–interactive applications. Also scientific projects are testing and exploiting volunteers' collaboration, but the quality of information obtained with this approach is often puzzling. This paper offers a rich overview of many scientific projects where geographic contributions are committed to volunteers, to the aim of defining strategies to improve information quality. By describing real examples of Volunteer Geographic Information (VGI), the contribution establishes a categorization based on the characteristics of the information, tasks, and scopes of the projects. After a discussion on the relationships of categories and VGI quality, the paper analyses techniques to improve the quality of volunteered information according to the moment of its assessment (i.e., ex ante, ex post, or both with respect to information creation). The paper outlines the main limitations of the different approaches and indicates some guidelines for future developments.  相似文献   

自适应高程分级的城区DSM晕渲方法     

张衡  古林玉  阎晓东 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(1)

在对传统的分层设色晕渲理论应用于城区DSM的可视化技术进行充分研究的基础上,提出了一种基于高程直方图的自适应高程分级方法。该方法通过高程直方图研究城区地形、地物的高程分布及变化特征,自适应建立高程带分级模型。实验表明,提出的晕渲图制作方法兼顾了地貌形态和地物特征的表达,成果色彩过渡自然,层次清晰,地形、地物区分明显,有较强的艺术性和实用价值。  相似文献   

Early Albian marine environments in Madagascar: An integrated approach based on oxygen,carbon and strontium isotopic data     

《Cretaceous Research》2016

New palaeotemperature reconstructions have been obtained on the basis of oxygen isotopic analysis of 178 aragonitic shell samples taken from specimens of three ammonoid orders (and some corresponding families): Phylloceratida (Phylloceratidae), Lytoceratida (Tetragonitidae) and Ammonitida (Oppeliidae, Desmoceratidae, Silesitidae, Cleoniceratidae and Douvilleiceratidae). Those obtained from aragonite shells, secreted in the lower epipelagic and in the middle mesopelagic zones during coolest season (winter), range from 15.4 to 16.8 °C, and from 11.8 to 12.0 °C, respectively. Presumed spring/autumn palaeotemperatures obtained from aragonite shells, secreted apparently in the upper and lower epipelagic, upper and middle mesopelagic zones, are somewhat higher. Presumed summer palaeotemperatures, calculated apparently for the upper and lower epipelagic, and upper mesopelagic zones range from 19.4 to 21.7 °C, from 17.7 to 19.4 °C, and from 14.4 to 16.1 °C, respectively. The predominant part of investigated ammonoids from Madagascar inhabited the epipelagic zone, but some phylloceratid, tetragonitid and silesitid ammonoids preferred deeper, cooler conditions (upper-middle mesopelagic zone). The study supports the hypothesis that Madagascar was located in middle latitudes within the tropical-subtropical climatic zone during the early Albian. Available carbon and strontium isotope data allow us to assume a more or less expressed carbon and strontium isotope stratification of the water column in this region in the early Albian. On the basis of the stable isotope data, following partly Lukeneder (2015), two large ethological groups can be recognised mainly in mid-aged and adult ammonoids. Some ammonoids (group 1) preferred apparently mesopelagic conditions, and to a lesser degree the epipelagic zone, being mainly cool-requiring animals. However, a significant part of the isotopically investigated ammonoids (group 2) preferred, on the contrary, only epipelagic conditions, being mainly thermophilic dwellers.  相似文献   

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铅合金中的微量杂质元素镉和锡   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

郝原芳  刘新  宋丽华  李丽君  徐英奎 《岩矿测试》2016,35(4):378-383

铅合金中的镉和锡由于含量较低,国家标准方法均为单一元素分析,步骤繁琐,检出限高,难以达到理想的检出要求。本文建立了应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定铅合金中微量级(μg/g级)杂质元素镉和锡的分析方法。采用单一的低浓度硝酸溶解铅合金,用低温慢溶的方式使样品溶解更加完全,减少了多离子对仪器的干扰;通过铅基体匹配和加入酒石酸保证了标准与样品介质的一致性,同时避免了锡的水解;以~(103)Rh作为内标元素,~(111)Cd和~(118)Sn作为测量同位素克服了质谱干扰。方法检出限为镉0.05 ng/g、锡0.04 ng/g,比国家标准方法的检出限(1~6μg/g)低,精密度小于4%。该方法试剂用量少,减少了处理样品的复杂性,实现了合金中微量级元素的准确测定。  相似文献   

香港世界地质公园晚侏罗世荔枝庄组岩石组合及其成岩地质过程解析     

姜杨  杨家明  杨祝良  沈加林  马雪  陈羽岚  钱迈平  邢光福  余明刚  段政 《地质论评》2016,62(3):759-769

中国东南大陆晚侏罗世地层普遍缺失,仅零星见于个别地区,香港新界东北的荔枝庄组即为其一。荔枝庄组出露于香港世界地质公园沉积岩园区的荔枝庄地区,自下往上由火山岩—沉积岩—火山岩组合而成,沉积岩中发育大型包卷层理和滑塌构造等典型沉积构造,是香港地区最具代表性的晚侏罗世火山—沉积岩系。通过实测地层剖面研究,确定其成岩过程大体上可划分为早期普林尼式火山爆发、中期破火山口湖相沉积和晚期普林尼式火山爆发三个阶段,以湖相沉积作用为主、火山喷发作用为辅;受晚期火山岩浆活动的影响,沉积岩层普遍发生硅化或炭化。荔枝庄组独特的岩石组合与形成的古地理环境,为探讨中国东南大陆中生代火山活动—沉积作用方式与成岩过程,提供了难得的研究实例。  相似文献   

桂林毛村不同植被类型土壤微生物数量与碳酸酐酶活性比较     

黄芬  黄艳梅  杨利超  白冰  曹建华 《地质论评》2016,62(1):94-102

以非岩溶区林地为对比,分析了桂林毛村岩溶区4种不同植被类型土壤微生物数量及碳酸酐酶(CA)活性的季度动态变化规律,发现以下主要结果:1随着植被的正向演替,岩溶区弃耕地、草地、灌丛及林地微生物数量及CA活性逐渐升高,微生物总数从64.07×10~4cfu/g上升到178.23×10~4cfu/g,CA活性从0.77 U/g上升到1.82 U/g,岩溶区林地大于非岩溶区林地。2在岩溶区不同植被类型,微生物组成均表现为细菌最多(平均值95.14%),放线菌次之(平均值2.79%),真菌数量最少(平均值1.75%)。而在非岩溶区表现为细菌最多(平均值90.95%),真菌次之(平均值5.32%),放线菌最少(平均值3.73%)。3微生物数量季节动态整体表现为春季至夏季逐渐上升,至秋季达到最高,冬季下降,微生物总数的增长依赖于细菌的倍数增长,真菌和放线菌影响较小。CA活性整体表现为夏季和冬季低于春季和秋季,秋季达到最大值。4 CA活性与细菌及微生物总数呈极显著的正相关,表明土壤CA主要来源于细菌的分泌。  相似文献   

内蒙古赤峰市阿根他拉钠长斑岩型铁矿矿床地质特征与成因探讨     

朱江建  王京彬  黄红星  王玉往  肖文进  董少波 《地质论评》2016,62(3):649-662

内蒙古赤峰市阿根他拉铁矿是一个可以小规模开采的铁矿与钠长石矿。铁矿所赋存的岩体为原生钠长斑岩,其可能由深部的花岗闪长岩岩浆演化而来。铁矿化可分为两个阶段,第一阶段为黑云母/绿泥石—石英—磁铁矿阶段,为本区主要的铁矿化阶段,形成网脉状—浸染状的磁铁矿矿石。该阶段成矿岩体为斑岩、网脉状矿化、伴生矿化组合与斑岩型矿床可类比及磁铁矿的(Ca+Al+Mn)—(Ti+V)图解位于斑岩型矿床中,表明该阶段具有类似于斑岩型矿床的特征。第二阶段为绿帘石—磁铁矿/赤铁矿阶段,形成可达工业品位的团块状磁铁矿/赤铁矿矿石。该阶段类似于矽卡岩型铁矿的团块状矿石,及磁铁矿的(Ca+Al+Mn)—(Ti+V)图解位于矽卡岩型铁铜矿床中,表明该阶段具有类似于矽卡岩型铁矿床的特征。将如上与钠长斑岩有关,前期表现为类似斑岩型矿床特征,后期表现为类似矽卡岩型铁矿床特征的铁矿,称为钠长斑岩型铁矿。这类铁矿应注重与绿帘石伴生的团块状铁矿的寻找。对比研究表明,钠长斑岩型铁矿明显有别于长江中下游的玢岩铁矿。  相似文献   

伟晶岩型锂矿成矿构造背景研究     

侯江龙  王登红 《地质论评》2016,62(S1):387-388

锂是银白色的、自然界最轻的金属,广泛应用于纺织、陶瓷、冶金、核能、新能源等领域,有“高能金属”、“21世纪的能源金属”之称。锂矿床按成因类型可分为内生和外生两种类型,内生型可具体分为花岗伟晶岩型、花岗岩型、云英岩型和岩浆热液型,外生型则包括盐湖型及地下卤水型（赵一鸣等,2004）。伟晶岩型锂矿主要开采锂辉石、透锂云母、锂云母、磷铝锂石等,是锂矿资源的重要来源。  相似文献